In which 1977 USSC case did the court rule that law enforcement officers can always require a driver to exit a vehicle during a traffic stop?

The case that established the principle allowing law enforcement officers to require a driver to exit a vehicle during a traffic stop is Pennsylvania v. Mimms. In this 1977 decision, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the safety concerns of law enforcement officers justify such a practice. The Court emphasized that the authority of police officers to ensure their own safety and the safety of others often outweighs the driver's right to privacy in their vehicle. This ruling provides a clear basis for allowing officers to remove a driver from the vehicle, especially in situations where there may be a perceived threat or when they are engaging with an individual in a potential enforcement scenario. The decision aligns with the broader context of public safety and the need for officers to exercise caution during traffic stops.